17th 18th Century Poetry Background Notes Essay Example

17th 18th Century Poetry Background Notes Essay Example 17th 18th Century Poetry Background Notes Paper 17th 18th Century Poetry Background Notes Paper Essay Topic: Poetry 1603 death of Queen Elizabeth I 1660 1702 Restoration Period Charles I and James I protestant, antagonize, create religious controversy, clash with parliament, both believed in the divine right of kings, Which was worse, James I or Charles I ? Charles James I 1603 1625 Charles I 1625- 1642 the roundheads against the king cavaliers supporters of the king oliver cromwell leader of the commonwealth; puritan; encouraged freedom of religion. first time women were on stage 1600 Nel Gwen Francis Bacon essayist; father of modern science metaphysical conceits metaphors aimed at starling the reader john donne born catholic but abandoned his faith; womanizer (married Anne More, 16), put in prison; converted to Anglicanism. andrew marvell used metaphysical conciets, used carpe diem cavalier poets poetic theme carpe diem, Herrick and Lovelace john milton puritan writer, born catholic, wrote pamphlets 1702-1798 a full century, unlike the 17th century The Restoration restoring the monarchy and the Church of England 18th century conviction of mans intellectual superiority first encyclopedia diderot dictionary is revised my johnson deism god as a clockwork, universe as a clock, no expectation of divine intervention. characteristics balance, sophistication, rationalism, skepticism, 1702 1750 age of swift and pope, big use of satire. 1750 1785 Age of Johnson 1785 1798 Pre- Romantic Johnathan Swift born of english parents in ireland; Anglican minister, hated mankind but loves the individual, scathing satirist. Alexander Pope born catholic, mocked because of his deformity, loved mankind, perfected the heroic couplet, wrote with a lot of dry wit. Samuel Johnson epitome of the 18th century, essayist, poet, scholar, and critic. The Dictionary Samuel Johnson Holy Sonnet 14 Batter My Heart John Donne Holy Sonnet 10 Death Be Not Proud John Donne Know Then Thyself Alexander Pope Rape of the Lock Alexander Pope A Modest Proposal Jonathan Swift To The Virgins To Make Much of Time Robert Herrick To Lucasta Richard Lovelace To Althea From Prison Richard Lovelace On His Having Arrived At the Age of Twenty-Three John Milton Meditation 17 John Donne On His Blindness John Milton Death Be Not Proud John Donne

The Seychelles Traveler essays

The Seychelles Traveler essays The Seychelles islands are one of the most magnificent island groups in the world. The Seychelles 115 islands cover an area of over 400,000 square kilometers. This group of islands in the Indian Ocean is northeast of Madagascar. These islands are over a thousand miles away from the nearest mainland coast and lie east of Kenya. The central islands such as Mahe are made up of granite and the inlands of these islands being low mountains. Some of these islands have lush rain forest but much has been depleted. The outer islands are sometimes only feet above sea level and are made by coral, forming reefs or atolls. A large variety of bird, fish, and other animals as well as flora and fauna cover this island paradise. Some being exclusive to these islands. The islands are full of activities but if you please, there are plenty of white sand beaches to ketch some sun. Just offshore some of the best deep sea diving in the world can be found. The coral reefs support a large variety of vegetation and reef fish as well as other forms of aquatic life. Deep sea fishing can be done all year round thanks to the crystal clear waters. There are many diving centers and fishing outfits located thought the Seychelles. The island also has a wide choice of water sports such as snorkeling, wind surfing, swimming, board sports and more. Hikes on the islands, especially to the higher elevations will show you amazing views of the surrounding area. It is very easy to get to the islands by plane from all over Europe and elsewhere with Air Seychelles. Connection flights can be easily arranged. The airlines offers trips from six European capitals and nine major cities to the main island of Mahe weekly. They also offer daily inter-island flights. There are over 20 flights daily between the islands of Mahe and Praslin. Other island hopping flights can be arranged at many of the hotels. Other destinations by air include Bird, Denis, Desroc ...

Legal And Ethical Issues Of The Audit Of Industries Essay

Legal And Ethical Issues Of The Audit Of Industries - Essay Example There will be danger of committing biases when providing the services and will eventually lead to unethical acts within the company. The second issue that can be considered ethical is when the company withheld, covered up and overlooked discrepancies in the company’s record (citation). The company was found to cover up and did not disclose accounting discrepancies of companies in which they provided their services. Evidences were obtained that suggest such acts were committed by Andersen. The third ethical issue that is present in the Andersen case is the company’s act of destroying evidences that can be used against them (citation). Ten days just before the U.S. Securities Exchange Commission formally started the investigation again Arthur Andersen, the management instructed their employees to destroy all potential evidences that may prove their illegal actions. This act can be said to be legally wrong too. This is a form of obstruction of justice because the company d id not disclose evidences that will help the investigation become successful. Question # 2 What role did Arthur Andersen’s culture play in their business? Arthur Andersen was one of the top accounting firms and considered to be one of the â€Å"Big Five† in the United States (citation). ... Question # 3 How would have the Sarbanes-Oxley Act will help minimize the likelihood of other accounting practices happening? Sarbanes-Oxley Act is the act passed by the Congress to â€Å"establish a system of federal oversight of corporate accounting practices† (citation). Because of this act, the accounting firms will be evaluated and monitored according to the established standards and rules of accounting firms. This act created the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board which is tasked to monitor the accounting firms (citation). Because of this law, the accounting firms will not provide both the auditing and consulting services to the same company as what Andersen did. This act will eliminate the conflict of interest. Thus, because of the passage of the act, unethical auditing methods will be eliminated and shareholders will gain confidence back and will soon invest to more efficient and effective accounting firms. Question #4 As an ethics consultant, what recommendations would you have made to the partner’s at Arthur Andersen? As an ethical consultant, I would have recommended to the partners of Arthur Andersen to eliminate and avoid any unethical methods and practices from the very beginning. They should have made an action to prohibit such acts in the very first place. If they knew about the said commission of unethical, if not illegal, methods, they should have come to the proper authority and reported about the issue. The proper authority will surely advice them about the proper procedure of what to do next. If only they have done what is right, they would have not lost multi-million investments. Laws were made to be followed based on fairness and justice. If they committed a violation of the law, they will face consequences.

Love and Suicide ( Book Love in the time of Cholera) Research Proposal

Love and Suicide ( Book Love in the time of Cholera) - Research Proposal Example This story is one of the most remarkable pieces of literature, that portrays the theme of unrequited love, described by Thomas Pynchon describes as â€Å"one of those few rare works, that can even return our worn souls to us." (The New York Times Book Review) This superficial melodramatic plot is a disguise for a satiric examination of elements of love, ageing and disease. The novelist also explores the issue of suicide and gerent phobia. The process of aging, death and decay forms an important theme in the novel. In a style typical of Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez there is a circular pattern to aging and the author on many occasions observes the reversal of roles of parents and children. The novelist keenly observes the process of aging and brings about the details of its encroachment. The suicide of Jeremiah de Saint-Amour was a result of his fear of old age. He planned to die at the age of sixty because he was not sure that he would be a productive human being at that age. This feeling of being unproductive, prompted him to plan his suicide years ago. Jeremiah Saint-Amours death inspires Urbino to meditate on his own death. He dwells especially on the infirmities that accompany it. On reading the novel, one realizes that the fears of old age were shared by many in his society. Ofelia, Fermina Daza’s daughter does not approve of her mother’s relationship with a man because of her age. She finds the idea of love in the old as ridiculous and revolting Another instance of suicide in the novel is that which is committed by Amà ©rica Vicuà ±ia, the fourteen year old ward of Florentino. She was a blood relative of Florentino who came under his care as a little girl with "the scrapes of elementary school on her knees." He spends a year cultivating her by spending childish afternoons with her and giving her ice-creams. He seduces her and wins her confidence. When Florentino is on the riverboat with Fermina Daza, the heartbroken Amà ©rica Vicuà ±ia commits suicide. Love in the

Final Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10

Final Exam - Essay Example The Peloponnesian War involved the battle pitting the Athenians and the Peloponnesian League under the guidance of Sparta. As a result two immediate long term effects occurred and, hence, affected both sides. For instance, it caused the breakdown of peace meaning Athens violated the Peace of Nicias treaty signed in 421 BC. Another effect included the introduction of the Ionian and Decelean Wars. These two wars occasioned a devastating phase of bloodshed as both sides struggled to gain victory for the acquisition of empires. Subsequently, three long term effects emerged from the Peloponnesian War such as the explosion of the Archidamian War (Tritle 100). It is war that was led by Spartan forces under king Archidamus II. Second effect entailed the contravention of the Peace of Nicias treaty that was meant to stop the war between Spartan and Athenian forces. Third effect is the Sicilian Expedition that was heralded by the Athenians in order to defeat their rivals. The Spartans prevailed over the Athenians because of their prolonged siege that induced diseases and starvation in the Athenian population. The Spartans later showed clemency to the Athenians by refusing to enslave them. It is crucial to highlight that the aftermath of the war played a major role in changing the Greek civilization. The tyrants that ruled Greece suspended democracy. In this sense, it became a reactionary regime that would eliminate the oligarchs and create the capacity for true democracy. During the Peloponnesian War, Pericles demonstrated two political strengths worth noting because they contributed to the favorable outcome witnessed in the duel. First, he was a charismatic speaker who applied both rhetoric and flowery language in persuading the masses. As the leader of Athens, therefore, he integrated colorful speech with the need for his people to exact revenge against the

The Last Supper Painting by Leonardo da Vinci | Analysis

The Last Supper Painting by Leonardo da Vinci | Analysis Through out history there have been many great artists who have made an impression on society as we see it today. Such as Michael Angelo, Raphael, Donatello and Leonardo Davinci. (now you know where the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles got their names). These men took the chance and did what man had never done or tried, they took art to a whole new level. They did this by pushing limitations and elevated man through their paintings, drawings or sculptures. Many of men have tried to reproduce these arts, but couldnt get them as perfect as the artist themselves. The one man and his works we will be discussing in this paper is Leonardo Davinci, The Last Supper, his sketches, Humanism and how he has had an impact on society. Leonardo Davinci Life beginnings of Davinci Davincis life began when he was born out of wedlock on April 15, 1452 to the parents of  Piero Davinci who was a Notary and to a peasant woman named Caterina in a small town called  Vinci. His father raised him most of his life until later on when he married. Between his father  and biological mother they had a total of 17 children. Because Leonardo was born out of  wedlock he was not worthy of any formal education so he couldnt become a notary like his  father, or become a physician or any other noble profession of that time and period. Now Davincis father saw that he had talent at 16 years old and sent him to be an  apprentice to a Florentine artist named Andrea Verrochio. This is where Davinci began his  career as an artist. As Verrochio taught him many skills Davinci talents emerged as an artist and  a sculptor. While still a student of Verrochios Leonardo was accepted into the painters Guild of  Florence. In 1475 Verrochio and his student Leonardo Davinci together painted the Baptism of  Christ. After the painting Verrocchio realized Davinci was a better painter than him and that is  when he decided to put up his paint brushes for good and retired. Now Davinci was known to be a left handed and dyslexic as well as being a  procrastinating perfectionist who left many of his paintings unfinished and even destroyed some. The mystery will go unsolved to as why Davinci left a lot of his work unfinished. Maybe it was  because he was bored or went on to other projects. We also will never know why he destroyed a  lot of his own work, was it because it wasnt as perfect as he wanted it to be. No one will ever  know the answer, but Davinci himself. However Davinci did finish his first solo painting in  1478 of the Madonna and Child. In 1481 he started painting the Adoration of Magi but never  finished. But in this painting he did reveal what type of technique he used by painting with a  dark surface first than adding elements of light. Now in 1482 Leonardo entered the service of Duke of Milan. The seventeen years that  he spent with the Duke, The Duke always kept him busy painting, designing weapons buildings  and machinery. After the Duke was overthrown Davinci fled to Venice with his assistant and  friend the mathematician Luca Pacioli where he became employed as a military architect and  engineer, devising methods to defend the city from naval attack. In 1500 he returned to Florence  where he created the cartoon of The Virgin and Child with St. John the Baptist. 1502 he entered the service of Cesare Borgia who was the son of Pope Alexander VI as  military architect and engineer. Maps were rare and probably a new concept, but Leonardo  created a map of Borgias stronghold and the township. After seeing the designs and liking  them Borgia made Leonardo his chief military engineer and architect. He was also know for  creating a map while working on another project of constructing a dam that would lead from the  sea to Florence and this would allow a supply of water to sustain the canal during all seasons. Even though Leonardo suffered from paralysis of his right hand he still went on to draw  and paint while teaching others how to paint and draw. Now it is said when Leonardo passed  away on May 2, 1519 the king of France was there by his side cradling his head in his arms. Leonarado Davinci: The original Renaissance man When one thinks of a Renaissance man, what names would one think of? They may  think of Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, Michael Angelo, Christopher Columbus, William  Shakespeare. Even though these men were very smart, well educated and well rounded for their  time, the only man that is known to be the Original Renaissance man is Leonardo Davinci.,  everything you could vision, do, or invent he had already done, vision or invented. Davinci had many talents; he was a sculptor even though none of his sculptures  survived. He was also a artist, an anatomist, a biologist, a botanist, an engineer, an inventor, a  meteorologist, a musician, a physicist and a writer. He was known to become a master in every  field that he studied. Like Albert Einstein he was a genius well ahead of his time by hundreds  of years. If one were to define the meaning of Renaissance man that definition would be  Leonardo Davinci. Davincis inventions and the modern world Davinci kept his writings, and drawings that pertained to art, science and philosophy in  notebooks which contained about 13,000 pages through out the course of his lifetime. Davincis  sketches have helped science in many ways. Such as his in-depth drawings of the human  anatomy. These sketches have assisted doctors to diagnose diseases and illness in people, and  because these sketches have been in great detail they have enable surgeons to perform better  during surgery. If it wasnt for Leonardo Davinci going into the morgue at night and stealing  bodies, to do autopsies then studying the human body, who knows we might not have any  sketches that is so elaborate of the bone and muscle structure, along with the reproductive  system as we know it today. His excellent description of the human body were well drawn and  easy to understand in his notebooks. In 1505 400 years before the Wright brothers launched their plane the Kitty Hawk,  Davinci had already designed a flying machine. Even though it was just an idea and remained  that way, he gave man wings and left them with an ego. This idea was considered to be part of a  new vision of man as and as a co-creator, almost equal to God. The Famous Last Supper The Last Supper and Humanism Now while Davinci still was serving for the Duke of Milan he was commissioned to paint The Last Supper. Davinci knowing how important this was, he had to decide the location of where the painting would be painted. After great though he decided the Last Supper should be painted on the dinning room wall of the monastery were the monks sat down to eat dinner, located in Santa Maria Delle Grazi. The reasoning behind this was every time the monks would sit down to dinner it would be like sitting down with Jesus and his disciples for their last meal. Therefore Davinci knew that when the Last Supper was painted before, the painters always focused on the breaking of the bread, not on the moment Jesus told the apostles that one would betray him. So Leonardo set out to do just that. First he wanted to bring realism to the Mural, and he actually wanted to show the dramatic moment when Jesus told his closest friends (disciples) that one of them would betray him. After the announcement there is s uch uproar amongst all the disciples, which at this time Leonardo captures, showing each of their reactions? Now the first step was to duplicate everything in the dinning room from the table at which Jesus and his apostles sat at, to the dinning hall windows, and to the illuminated wall that appears to be lit by the window of the room. The Second was to start painting, Leonardo look at how other artist isolated Judas, and putting him on one side of the table as if he was being punished. Leonardo seats him with the others, who are arranged in four groups of three around Jesus. (They say three is considered to be a holy number, such as the Trinity: Father, Son, and Holy Ghost.) The other disciples arguing and looking at one another except the one on the right hand of Jesus who is Judas trying to find out who will betray him. But what Leonardo does he puts shadows around the guilty one. And the silence of Judas and his clutched hands had given him away. Now it is said the Leonardo used real subjects for The Last supper, and that he painted them one by one, putting them in where they belonged., and the person who he choose to pose as Jesus was not affected by sin. When he went to paint Judas he searched every where, and couldnt find anyone that would fit the description he was looking for. Until one day he stumbled upon this man in prison who was sentence to die for the life of crime and murder, that fit his description of a man who had long shaggy hair and was dark skinned, his face that had deceit it in and someone would betray his best friend no matter what the cost. It is said that after Davinci had finished his perfect painting, he told the guard to take the man a way. But the man looked at Davinci before being taken away he asked him if he remembered him, and he said no. He then Looked up into the heavens and said : Oh lord have I fallen so low, then turning his face to the painter he cried, Leonardo Davinci, look at me again, for I am the same man you painted just seven years ago as the figure of Christ (ANGELFAIRY.US, para. 6). We do know that this picture has a lot of human emotions, which would be the first of its kind. Also we do know during the Renaissance period artist did find ways of expressing themselves through their pieces of work, such as adding symbols that would convey someones thoughts and opinions. Also Artist also started adding realistic features to their painting to them look more human. This is where the concept of Humanism came into place. Philosophy of Humanism Chirtianity views on the Last Supper When The Last Supper is mentioned, what comes to mind? Is it the last meal that is offered to a death row inmate before he is put to death for the crimes he committed: Is it the last meal that we partake in before going to bed at night, it could be? But it actually is the last meal Jesus and his twelve disciples partook of the night before he was crutisfied. Now, no one knows what was exactly eaten at this meal, but we do know according to the Bible there was bread and wine at the table. Now Christians of all backgrounds of all religions believe The Last Supper was an important event, and no matter what name you may give it (sacrament, communion, eucharist) it has the same meaning each time they partake of it. They believe it is a quite time that is set aside to remember his death, and it should be always be done in a respectful manner to honor him and to thank him for giving his life for us on the cross. Christians also believe it should be a time when a person also reflects on his or her life. No matter how many times commuion is taken the bread will always symbolize his body and the wine will also symbolizes his blood. thats why he said to Take this bread and eat in remembrance of me for this is my body, then he took the wine and said drink for this my blood that I will shed for you do drink in remembrance of me. Christians believe when he partook in the last supper, he was trying to tell them that we were going to be persecuted for what we believe, and we may even reject him so no harm comes to them. How the Last Supper Influenced Contemporary Society? Davinci Code and The Last Supper Art is about suggestions, not answers. When you have an answer, if yourre not like most people, you tend to stop looking. With Great art, you never stop looking. (Art History for Dummies, 2007, p.164). Since Leonardos Davincis death there has been many theories about his paintings, some are lead to believe that there may be hidden images in them. But not until recently when Dan Browns book and the movie the The Davinci Code has there been such conterversy. He posed a lot of questions such as if what ifs such as What if Jesus was married, had a child with Mary Magdalene? Was he member of a secret society or the Priory of Sion. Mr. Brown has even gone as far as saying instead of John in the picture that the woman sitting next to Christ is Mary Magdalene. Many Catholics and Christians around the world have been intrigued in Mr Browns thoughts and thats why they go on to read the book and watch the movie. Is it truth or is it fiction. It is just what another man or men are led to believe and the mysteries that lie beyond Davincs paintings. Mr. Brown at least puts the questions out there along with other people who have gone on to do the research for themselves. It is not to question the Bible, but about what ifs. One just has to examine The Last Supper for themselves to see if these conspircys are true and it is up to them to believe or not.

Are Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia Ethical? Essay -- Euthan

Is Euthanasia Ethical?        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Euthanasia is one of the most acute and uncomfortable contemporary problems in medical ethics.   Is Euthanasia Ethical?   The case for euthanasia rests on one main fundamental moral principle: mercy.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is not a new issue; euthanasia has been discussed-and practised-in both Eastern and Western cultures from the earliest historical times to the present.   But because of medicine's new technological capacities to extend   life, the problem is much more pressing than it has in the past, and both the discussion and practice of euthanasia are more widespread.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Euthanasia is a way of granting mercy-both by direct killing and by letting the person die.   This principle of mercy establishes two component duties: 1. the duty not to cause further pain or suffering; and 2. the duty to act to end pain or suffering already occurring. Under the first of these, for a physician or other caregiver to extend mercy to a suffering patient may mean to refrain from procedures that cause further suffering-provided, of course, that the treatment offers the patient no overriding benefits.   The physician must refrain from ordering painful tests, therapies, or surgical procedures when they cannot alleviate suffering or contribute to a patient's improvement or cure. Perhaps the most familiar contemporary medical example is the treatment of burn victims when survival is unprecedented; if with the treatments or without them the chances of the patient's survival is nil, mercy requires the physician not to impose the debridement treatments , which are excruciatingly painful, when they can provide the patie... ...rom inattention, malevence, fears of addiction, or divergent priorities in resources.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In all of these cases, of course, the patient can be sedated into unconsciousness; this does indeed end the pain.   But in respect of the patient's experience, this is tantamount to causing death: the patient has no further conscious experience and thus can achieve no goods, experience no significant communication, satisfy no goals.   Furthermore, adequate sedation, by depressing respiratory function, may hasten death.   Though it is always technically possible to achieve relief from pain, at least when the appropriate resources are available, the price may be functionally and practically equivalent, at least from the patient's point of view, to death.   And this, of course, is just what the issue of euthanasia is about.

Deviant behavior Essay

The labeling theory and the social control theory are two explanations behind the concept of deviance. The labeling theory argues that society itself creates deviance by classifying certain behaviors or people as deviant. The social control theory, meanwhile, believes that deviance is a result of the failure of social institutions to enforce societal norms. Labeling and Social Control Theories Every culture has norms or standards that distinguish acceptable from unacceptable behavior. Actions or behaviors that go against cultural norms are referred to as deviance. To understand why some individuals resort to deviance, sociologists and criminologists first analyze how norms are created, modified and enforced. The labeling theory and the social control theory are just two of the explanations these experts have come up with regarding the nature of deviance. Labeling Theory The labeling theory argues that people assume deviant roles in society. No conduct or individual is inherently deviant – society itself creates deviance by classifying certain behaviors or people as deviant. Those who observe deviant manners acquire deviant identities by internalizing deviant labels that society imposes on them. Instead of finding the root cause of deviance, society will attribute it to particular behaviors or people (Kontos and Brotherton, 2008). Proponents of the labeling theory claim that the social group is the one responsible for deviance. It creates norms in order to differentiate conventional people from deviants. Norms, however, are detrimental in the sense that it does not recognize the difference between rule breakers or rule-breaking behavior and deviants or deviant behavior. A person is dismissed as deviant regardless of whether or not his or her actions actually violated any norm (Hamlin, n. d. ). The Stages of Labeling According to the American sociologist Howard Becker, a person undergoes three stages when he is transformed from being regarded as normal to being recognized and labeled as deviant. The first stage is the initial â€Å"public† labeling or the informal process of labeling that eventually becomes an official definition of a person as deviant. Examples of this are the shoplifter who is tried in court and is sent to prison as a â€Å"criminal† and the drunk whom the doctor or the psychiatrist diagnoses as an â€Å"alcoholic. † The process of labeling begins with just the doctor, psychiatrist and judge, and then finally spreads to the entire community (Slattery, 2003). The second stage involves the official label’s overriding of all the other statuses and symbols that a person previously had. Society will severe ties with this individual and deny him or her opportunities for advancement. The father who becomes an alcoholic, for instance, ends up being divorced by his wife and abandoned by his children. The ex-convict, meanwhile, is unable to buy a house or get a job because of his criminal record (Slattery, 2003). The third stage is characterized by the label severely damaging the self-esteem of the person involved. The â€Å"self-fulfilling prophecy† begins to take place – he or she may live up to the deviant label that society imposed on him or her by assuming a deviant lifestyle. He or she may also withdraw from â€Å"conventional† society by seeking support and status from other deviants who share similar lifestyles. An occasional drug user, for instance, may live up to his â€Å"reputation† as a junkie by going to underground bars and clubs frequented by drug addicts. The juvenile delinquent, on the other hand, may later become a professional criminal, in accordance to what society labeled him (Slattery, 2003).

History of Fashion Essay

Fashion has always been a reflection of the collective consciousness and unconsciousness of society. In politically conservative times, fashion reflects the staidness of the majority, but also the subversive elements of the minority. No less a controversial figure than King Louis XIV of France was rumored to have said that fashion was a mirror. Music, films, and television, all potent pop culture mirrors in their own right of the anxieties, hopes, and dreams of any society, all collectively form a synergistic relationship with fashion, each informing, influencing, and cross-pollinating the others in various turns. Fashion is also a pop culture manifestation of the intellectual and cultural trend of postmodernism. Fashion depends on newness; summer, fall, winter, spring are seasons that occur inexorably each year, and with them, the demand for new fashion lines. The inexhaustible hunger for new ideas and inspirations in fashion and other pop culture arenas leads inevitably to cannibalization, plagiarism, re-contextualization, and re-imagination of ideas past and present – the essence of postmodernism. If we survey the landscape of where pop culture and fashion have been, we can to some degree predict the elements which may define where it will go, though in the postmodern universe of the 21st century, it is next to impossible to predict what incarnations will come to pass. Fashion is the byproduct of a leisure society that has transcended many of the basic human struggles on the lower level of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Most people in prosperous Western nations are fortunate enough to lead lives in which the acquisition and/or maintenance of food, shelter, and clothing is not a struggle that consumes their existence, as is sadly true in many African nations, for example. Free to ponder the meaning of their lives and the many ways in which it is possible for humans to express their inner thoughts and feelings, citizens of the leisure society began to use fashion as a mode of self-expression and reflection of any number of zeitgeists of their time. As far back as the 1700s, French women consulted fashion magazines to learn the latest fashion trends. Sketch artists were present in royal courts to make note of the fashion choices made by the ruling classes, and communicated these ideas to dressmakers across the nation, who in turn crafted facsimiles for those who were able to afford such fashion mimicry. The French have historically held a special place in the fashion universe since this time. As the 1800s and 1900s saw Western societies evolve from agrarian societies to industrial societies, with the concurrent increase in wealth and disposal income, the focus on and indulgence in fashion increased. With the advent of pop music, most notably rock-and-roll in the 1950s, and television, teenagers all around the world saw the likes of Elvis Presley and his gyrating hips, causing a global fashion sensation. Boys everywhere began to sport white t-shirts (in whose sleeves the more raucous ones rolled packs of cigarettes), blue jeans, and grease their hair. Celebrities from the arenas of music, film, and then television became the new royalty, the new elites, for Western cultures, and the fashion trends they embodies became inspirations for millions in each successive generation. The messages of rock-and-roll became more complex, subversive, and powerful in the 1960s, corresponding with the United States’ controversial entry into the Vietnam War and a wholesale rejection on both sides of the Atlantic of many of the traditional values of the Cold War era. The Beatles’s turn from fresh-scrubbed, feel-good bubblegum pop to psychedelic and metaphysical subject matter influences a new set of fashion trends which shocked the Establishment to the core. Men and women everywhere began wearing colorful (both literally and figuratively), outrageously expressive, and even outlandish fashions, and allowing their hair to grow long. The exhaustion from the myriad political and socio-cultural revolutions of the 1960s, and the stagnant Western economies of the 1970s gave way to a culture preoccupied with escapism and simply having a good time. Sit-ins and political protests gave way to champagne-filled boogie nights. The flower-power psychedelia fashion trends of the late 1960s and early 1970s gave way to the groovy leisure suit styles inspired by the music trend of disco that consumed the world from roughly 1976 to 1980 and cemented by the global box office phenomenology of the film Saturday Night Fever, starring John Travolta and featuring a soundtrack packed with disco hits written by the Bee Gees. The tight-fitting and well-cut suits worn by Travolta, and the sexy, stylish dresses and pantsuits of the women in the film inspired millions to change their wardrobes accordingly. On the tail end of the disco era came a brief but potent preoccupation with cowboy fashion, inspired by the peculiar utilitarian clothing from the American Old West – cowboy boots, rugged blue jeans, ten-gallon cowboy hats, etc. , again propelled into the collective fashion consciousness of the world by another hugely successful film, 1982’s Urban Cowboy. At the same time the fashion trends inspired by disco and cowboy culture were dying out, the realm of the political again profoundly affected the universe of fashion. The elections of conservative political figureheads Margaret Thatcher in England and Ronald Reagan in the U.  S. sparked a schizophrenic revolution in clothing and music: as economic recoveries were engineered on the backs of the working poor, the culture that proclaimed â€Å"greed is good† took to reveling in the wearing conservative, yet expensive or even shocking clothing – furs, for example — which reflected the mindset of conspicuous consumption. Simultaneously, those cultural elements who were not benefiting from the economic boom were rebelling against the conservative establishment trends and adopting controversial styles embodied, for example, in the slut-chic clothing popularized by the music and videos of Madonna. Music videos, a new invention in pop culture and institutionalized by the power of MTV, became a new showcase for outrageous fashion statements in the 1980s and beyond. The greed and spiritual bankruptcy of the 1980s gave way to the hippie nouveaux culture of the Earth-and-cause-friendly early-to-mid 1990s, and then to the greed nouveaux culture of the late 1990s, spawned by the phenomenal economic growth of the Internet boom. By this time, pop culture had begun to liberally cannibalize itself for new ideas, having exhausted much of its potential for true originality. As technology and civilization continue their exponential evolution of consumption, genuinely original ideas become more and more difficult to generate, leading fashion designers to borrow from past ideas, to combine hitherto uncombined or un-combinable ideas, as evidenced by the infamous phrase â€Å"What’s old is new; what’s new is old. The early 21st Century is a time of profound uncertainty in fashion, with a myriad of recycled influences competing for the crown of the next hot fashion trend. The inherent self-referentiality and cannibalism of post-modernism, however, makes it virtually impossible to predict which trends will take hold and when. The next decade will make for a fascinating time in the universe of fashion.

Banning Junk Food Advertising Essays

Banning Junk Food Advertising Essays Banning Junk Food Advertising Essay Banning Junk Food Advertising Essay In my sentiment. a prohibition against debris nutrient advertisement shouldn’t be a manner to forestall childhood fleshiness because it is non a solution to hold healthier life style. First. ban debris nutrient advertisement will non acquire a existent and unequivocal alteration in the eating wonts of kids. Rather than a solution it is a great challenge that couldn’t be achieved by agencies of Torahs that merely focuses on things kids shouldn’t be eating. alternatively of concentrating on advancing healthy tips. Besides. ban debris nutrient advertisement is non related to worry about the wellness of kids. and we shouldn’t ever back up in Torahs or prohibitions to be cognizant and more responsible with the picks in attention wellness of our childs. Everything kids eat is merely our determination and enforcing a prohibition ignores wholly the importance of our personal duty like parents. As grownups. we make personal picks about the diet. exercising. eating wonts. and life style of kids. so the bar of childhood fleshiness has more personal influence. non the Torahs. Second. when we prohibit something. we are non educating anyone and for that ground is necessary to retrieve the importance of the instruction like the average solution to forestall childhood fleshiness. Jeff Stier. editorialist of Townhall magazine. high spots that we live in a universe where the parents. non the Torahs. are chiefly responsible for kids and they have to educate them. This is of import without a uncertainty ; parents have the duty to command the exposure clip of kids to media likewise the irrational ingestion of debris nutrient. Therefore. we can non fault the advertisement wholly. Third. we shouldn’t permit that a jurisprudence or prohibition assumes parents’ function in the instruction of their kids. it would be strengthen their irresponsibleness as for kids’ wellness attention. so to forestall that a prohibition merely postpones the acquisition procedure to subsequently old ages when parents lose the control. we need to get down learning them a better life style from place foremost because is into the household that kids build healthy or unhealthy wonts. Finally. censoring fast nutrient advertisement won’t encourage consumers. kids and grownups to concentrate on doing important lifestyle alterations. Merely with instruction. we could confront the advertisement environment that is necessary to forestall childhood fleshiness. Work Cited Stier. Jeff. Regulation Junk Food Advertising-The Next Nanny State Initiative . Townhall Magazine July 2011. Non Print.

Alexander the Great Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Alexander the Great - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that prior to conquering the entire known world, Alexander made sure that his seized all the power in Macedonia and Greece. So, having performed that, this great general led his army to Asia Minor, then Palestine and eventually Egypt. One should keep in mind that at that time Egypt was under the rule of Persians; that is why it was them who fought against Alexander, not the Egyptians. The latter, in fact, did not show any resistance to him, greeting him as a liberator rather than an oppressor. Indeed, there were several battles that Alexander won before entering Egypt. Thus, after the battle of Issus, attacking Tyre and conquering Gaza, his military supremacy was evident. In Egypt he did not introduce any significant change; quite the opposite, he claimed that he was the son of Zeus and Ammon and agreed to be treated as a divine ruler, according to the Egyptian traditions.As the discussion stresses  Persian Empire was the strongest power in the region in question. It emerged much before Alexander and was generally regarded as the dominant player. However, it could not match the military power of the Macedonian general. Battle after battle the Persian king Darius fled the battlefield, leaving his soldiers alone.  It is quite obvious that after Alexander was able to conquer the capital, the military men did not support Darius who was constantly running away from his opponent and killed him.

Information Security Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Information Security Management - Essay Example The fourth step is associated with creating contingency strategies. In the fifth step, information technology contingency plan is developed. The sixth step involves training, testing, and exercise. A maintenance plan document is developed, in the seventh step. The recommended standard approach to the process is to combine the both system development and life cycle (SDLC) risk management contemplation for the process of contingency planning. 2 Incident Response Planning Steps The incident response planning is associated with detailed set of processes and procedures which mitigate, detect and foresee the scope of an unexpected event directly impacting on information resources and assets. Incident Detection Identifying the incident to determine whether the incident has occurred due to routine operations or it is the occurrence of an actual incident. The identification of incidents, also known as incident classification, is related to analyze the originality of an actual incident. Howeve r, reports from system administrators, including intrusion detection systems, anti-virus software may facilitate to incident classification. Incident Response After the identification of actual incident, the incident response personnel follow with a responsive approach. Likewise, the responsive approach includes informing to key personnel, allocating tasks and documenting the incident. Incident Escalation If the incident response team cannot contain the incident, the impact of the incident is significantly out of reach. Prioritizing business processes as per business impact is essential. For instance, (fraud risk management server) in a bank stops responding, the business impact will be ‘most critical’. Incident Recovery After the containment of the incident, the process of incident recovery initializes. The incident response team must comply with â€Å"What to do to recover from the incident†. The team must restore services, backup data, continuously monitor the effected system etc. 3 Criteria for Law Enforcement Agencies The law enforcements agencies should be involved if any incident violates civil and criminal law. It is the sole responsibility of the organization to inform law enforcement agencies. However, the involvement of ‘what type of enforcement agencies’ relates to the type of crime conducted. 4 Why businesses Continuity Plans are tested and rehearsed? Plans are tested and rehearsed to ensure that the ongoing projects meet the changing needs of the organization. Secondly, the plans are also tested and rehearsed to ensure that the capacity of organization is compliant with all the applicable regulations. 5 Summary for Special Publication (SP) 800-34 Contingency Planning Guide For federal information system contingency planning, this publication provides recommendations, instructions, and considerations. Contingency planning is associated with the intermediate control measures for incidents related to information syst em services, which may occur due to interruption. The intermediate controls consist of recovery of information systems function by utilizing equipments exchange, performance of information systems, and relocation of information systems. This guide addresses contingency planning to three platforms. The platforms are Client / Server Architecture, mainframe systems and Telecommunication systems. Moreover, the guide provides seven progressive steps for contingency planning process. The 7 steps are: Contingency plann